The Amazonian flora is blessed by Nature. Amid the forest there are countless edible, oilseed, medicinal and coloring species. Of the 100 thousand plant species present in Latin America, about 30 thousand are in the Amazon. The most famous plant is the water lily, the symbol flower of the Amazon. Known as the "queen of the lakes", the royal victory (Vitoria regia lindl) opens its leaves in the shallow and non-flowing waters, forming a green round tray. It can measure from 1m to 1.80m in diameter. It was baptized with this name by an English naturalist to honor Queen Victoria for her exuberance. The flower changes color over time; on the first day of opening, the buds are white and turn pink on the second day. From the third day it begins to bloom at 5 pm and completes the cycle at 9 pm.

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The different degrees of humidity during the period of flooding of the rivers, of soil quality, in the winds and rains, provided very different plant formations. Their sum is that it forms a unique region on the planet and gives life to the great Amazonian biodiversity.

Vegetation can be divided into three types:

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- Dryland forests

They occupy non-floodable land. They have 140 to 280 species per hectare, including the large hardwood trees in the Amazon. In some places the treetops are so large that they prevent the passage of up to 95% of the sunlight. The main representatives of this type of vegetation are cedar, mahogany, Angelim-pedra, Brazil nut trees, rubber trees, guaraná and timbó, a tree used by the Indians to poison fish.

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- igapó forest

They occupy the lowest lands, close to rivers, and are permanently flooded. During the flood period, the waters reach the tree tops, forming "igapós". When this phenomenon occurs in small rivers and tributaries, they are called "igarapés". Most trees are between 2m and 3m, but some reach up to 20m in height. The most famous species of this type of forest is the water lily.

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- Lowland forest

They are located between the mainland and the igapós. They have about 100 plant species per hectare. There are three categories: low and intermediate floodplain (with predominance of palm trees and some species whose roots help in fixing oxygen) and high floodplain (with soil less affected by tidal waters and greater biomass thanks to tree species, such as andiroba). It is formed by large trees such as rubber, palm trees and jatobá.